Statement of Catholic Theologians on Racial Justice
The Sacramental Community of the Coworkers of Christ stands in solidarity with our catholic sisters and brothers and all of God’s children as we struggle together against bigotry, oppression, and racial injustice. And to this end we support and affirm the Statement of Catholic Theologians on Racial Justice.
Statement of Catholic Theologians on Racial Justice
Posted by David Cloutier on Dec 8, 2014 in Bioethics, Life and Death, Current Events, Role of Moral Theologian in Church and Society Series
Advent is a season of waiting and of hoping. In the face of conflict, distrust, and division – in the wilderness – we are called to cry out for a different way. In consultation with several others, CMTer and former law enforcement officer Tobias Winright has prepared a statement of commitment to racial justice, which names the particularly difficult hope we might bring to illuminate darkness. We are happy to share the statement here on this blog. Many Catholic theologians, including myself and my co-editor, Jana Bennett, have already signed on to the statement. Please pray and act for truth and reconciliation this season…
Statement: Catholic Theologians for Police Reform and Racial Justice
The season of Advent is meant to be a time when Christians remember the birth of Jesus Christ, when God became human, born on the margins of society. To the poor shepherds, the angelic host proclaimed “peace, goodwill among people” (Luke 2:14), which refers to a shalom that is not merely the absence of conflict, but rather a just and lasting peace, wherein people are reconciled with one another, with God, and indeed with all creation. But this Advent, hope for a just peace must face the flagrant failures of a nation still bound by sin, our bondage to and complicity in racial injustice.
The killings of Black men, women and children – including but not limited to Rekia Boyd, Eric Garner, Michael Brown, John Crawford, 7 year-old Aiyana Stanley-Jones and 12 year-old Tamir Rice – by White policemen, and the failures of the grand jury process to indict some of the police officers involved, brought to our attention not only problems in law enforcement today, but also deeper racial injustice in our nation, our communities, and even our churches.
As Eric Garner’s dying words “I can’t breathe” are chanted in the streets, and as people of faith, we hear the echo of Jesus’ breathing on his disciples, telling them, “Peace be with you.” His spirit-filled breath gives his disciples, then and now, the power and obligation to raise our voices about the imperative of a just peace in a fragmented and violent world.
The Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King’s “Letter from a Birmingham Jail” speaks searingly to our headline divisions today. The “cup of endurance runs over” again for African Americans and many others of good will. Our streets are filled with those exhausted by the need to explain yet again “why we can’t wait.”
King challenged “white moderate” Christians for being “more devoted to ‘order’ than to justice;” and for preferring “a negative peace which is the absence of tension to a positive peace which is the presence of justice.” This challenge to the White Christian community is as relevant today as it was over 50 years ago. Such a negative peace calls to mind the warning by the prophet Ezekiel, “They led my people astray, saying, ‘Peace!’ when there was no peace” (13:10).
Pope Francis’s warning of the explosive consequences of exclusion and fearful seeking of “security” based on such a negative peace are similarly prophetic:
“Today in many places we hear a call for greater security. But until exclusion and inequality in society and between peoples are reversed, it will be impossible to eliminate violence. The poor and the poorer peoples are accused of violence, yet without equal opportunities the different forms of aggression and conflict will find a fertile terrain for growth and eventually explode. When a society – whether local, national or global – is willing to leave a part of itself on the fringes, no political programmes or resources spent on law enforcement or surveillance systems can indefinitely guarantee tranquility. This is not the case simply because inequality provokes a violent reaction from those excluded from the system, but because the socioeconomic system is unjust at its root. Just as goodness tends to spread, the toleration of evil, which is injustice, tends to expand its baneful influence and quietly to undermine any political and social system, no matter how solid it may appear.” Evangelii Gaudium, 59
As Catholic theologians, we wish to go on the record in calling for a serious examination of both policing and racial injustice in the US. The time demands that we leave some mark that US Catholic theologians did not ignore what is happening in our midst – as the vast majority sadly did during the 1960s Civil Rights movement.
● We pledge to examine within ourselves our complicity in the sin of racism and how it sustains false images of White superiority in relationship to Black inferiority. In the words of the US Catholic Bishops Conference, “Racism is a sin: a sin that divides the human family, blots out the image of God among specific members of that family, and violates the fundamental human dignity of those called to be children of the same Father.”
● We pledge to fast and to refrain from meat on Fridays during this Advent season and through the seasons of Christmas and Epiphany, as well as during Lent, as a sign of our penitence and need of conversion from the pervasive sin of racism.
● We commit ourselves to placing our bodies and/or privilege on the line in visible, public solidarity with movements of protest to address the deep-seated racism of our nation.
● We support our police, whose work is indeed dangerous at times, but we also call for a radical reconsideration of policing policy in our nation. We call for an end to the militarization of police departments in the US, and we support instead the proven, effective results of community policing. Rather than perpetuating an “us versus them” mentality, a community policing approach is more consonant with our Catholic convictions that we are all each other’s keepers and should work together for the common good of our communities.
● We call for a honing of the guidelines for police use of lethal force so that they are uniform in all states within the US and so that the use of lethal force, echoing Catholic teaching on “legitimate defense,” is justified only when an aggressor poses a grave and imminent threat to the officer’s and/or other persons’ lives.
● We support those calling for better recruiting, training, and education for our police so that they may truly and justly do what they have sworn, namely, to “serve and protect” their communities.
● We support new efforts to promote accountability and transparency, such as body cameras for police officers.
● Regarding the widespread dissatisfaction with recent grand jury decisions, and the perception that a conflict of interest exists between local prosecutors and police departments, we call for the establishment of publicly accountable review boards staffed with civilian attorneys from within the jurisdiction and/or for the appointment of independent special prosecutors’ offices to investigate claims of police misconduct.
● Our nation’s pervasive yet too often denied systemic racial divisions compromise our structures of justice – in our view so much so that we support calling for a Truth and Reconciliation Commission to examine race in America. A precedent would be the 2004 Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission in North Carolina.
● In view of the recent US Justice Department’s report on the pattern of excessive force found in the Cleveland Police Department, we call for similar investigations of the Ferguson Police Department, the New York Police Department, and other police forces involved in the killings of unarmed Black citizens.
● We call upon our bishops to proactively proclaim and witness to our faith’s stand against racism They have authored pastoral statements in the past, and these documents need to be revisited – in parishes, dioceses, and seminaries – and brought to the forefront of Catholic teaching and action in light of the present crisis.
● As Catholic theologians and scholars, we commit ourselves to further teaching and scholarship on racial justice. Our faith teaches us that all persons are created in the image of God and have been redeemed in Christ Jesus. In short, our faith proclaims that all lives matter, and therefore, Black lives – and Brown lives, the lives of all, regardless of color – must matter, too. As part of this commitment, we pledge to continue listening to, praying for, and even joining in our streets with those struggling for justice through nonviolent protests and peaceful acts of civil disobedience.
We pray that all of these actions will move us closer toward the fulfillment of the hope of the Advent season, toward a time when “love and truth will meet; justice and peace will kiss” (Psalm 85:10).
Signatures (institutions are listed for identification purposes only):
1) Tobias Winright, Mäder Chair of Health Care Ethics, Associate Professor of Theological Ethics, Saint Louis University
2) Alex Mikulich, Jesuit Social Research Institute, Loyola University New Orleans
3) Vincent Miller, Gudorf Chair in Catholic Theology and Culture, University of Dayton
4) Bryan N. Massingale, Professor of Theological Ethics, Marquette University
5) M. Shawn Copeland, Professor of Systematic Theology, Boston College
6) Susan A. Ross, Professor of Theology and Chair of the Department of Theology, Loyola University Chicago
7) William L. Portier, Mary Ann Spearin Chair of Catholic Theology, University of Dayton
8) Richard Gaillardetz, Joseph Professor of Theology, Boston College
9) Christopher Pramuk, Associate Professor of Theology, Xavier University
10) Mark J. Allman, Professor of Religious and Theological Studies, Merrimack College
11) James F. Keenan, SJ, Canisius Professor, Boston College
12) Lisa Sowle Cahill, Monan Professor of Theology, Boston College
13) Nicholas P. Cafardi, Dean Emeritus and Professor of Canon Law, Duquesne University
14) Brian M. Doyle, Professor of Theology and Chair of the Department of Theology and Religious Studies, Marymount University
15) Dolores Christie, Catholic Theological Society of America/John Carroll University (retired)
16) David Hollenbach, S.J., University Chair in Human Rights and International Justice, Boston College
17) William Cavanaugh, Professor of Catholic Studies, DePaul University
18) John Sniegocki, Associate Professor of Christian Ethics, Xavier University
19) Emily Reimer-Barry, Assistant Professor of Theology and Religious Studies, University of San Diego
20) Kristin Heyer, Bernard J. Hanley Professor of Religious Studies, Santa Clara University
21) Bradford E. Hinze, Karl Rahner, S.J., Professor of Theology, Fordham University
22) Kathryn Getek Soltis, Assistant Professor of Christian Ethics and Director, Center for Peace and Justice Education, Villanova University
23) Joseph Fahey, Professor of Religious Studies, Manhattan College
24) Charlie Camosy, Associate Professor of Theological and Social Ethics, Fordham University
25) John Renard, Professor of Theological Studies, Saint Louis University
26) Kathy Lilla Cox, Associate Professor of Theology St. John’s University/College of St. Benedict
27) Nancy Dallavalle, Associate Professor of Religious Studies, Fairfield University
28) Gerard Mannion, Amaturo Professor in Catholic Studies, Georgetown University
29) Laurie Gagne, Edmundite Center for Peace and Justice, St. Michael’s College
30) Christine Firer Hinze, Professor of Theology, Fordham University
31) Brian P. Flanagan, Assistant Professor of Theology, Marymount University
32) William J. Collinge, Knott Professor of Theology, Mount Saint Mary’s University
33) Nichole M. Flores, Instructor of Theology, Saint Anselm College
34) Stephen J. Pope, Professor of Theological Ethics, Boston College
35) Nancy Pineda-Madrid, Associate Professor of Theology and U.S. Latino/a Ministry, Boston College
36) Sandra Yocum, Associate Professor, University of Dayton
37) Patricia Beattie Jung, Visiting Professor of Christian Ethics, Saint Paul School of Theology
38) MT Dávila, Assistant Professor of Christian Ethics, Andover Newton Theological School
39) James E. Hug, S.J., Spiritual Life Department, Adrian Dominican Motherhouse
40) Mary Doak, Associate Professor of Theology, University of San Diego
41) Anna Floerke Scheid, Assistant Professor of Theology, Duquesne University
42) Paulette Skiba, BVM, Professor of Religious Studies, Clarke University
43) Paul J. Wojda, Associate Professor of Moral Theology, University of St. Thomas, St. Paul, MN
44) Marcus Mescher, Assistant Professor of Christian Ethics, Xavier University
45) Christopher Denny, Associate Professor of Theology and Religious Studies, St. John’s University
46) Kevin Glauber Ahern, Assistant Professor of Religious Studies, Manhattan College
47) Rachel Hart Winter, Director, St. Catherine of Siena Center, Dominican University
48) David DeCosse, Director of Campus Ethics Program, Adjunct Associate Professor of Religious Studies, Santa Clara University
49) Julie Hanlon Rubio, Professor of Christian Ethics, Saint Louis University
50) Holly Taylor Coolman, Assistant Professor of Theology, Providence College
51) Terrence W. Tilley, Avery Cardinal Dulles, S.J., Professor of Catholic Theology, Fordham University
52) Jason King, Associate Professor, Chair of the Theology Department, Saint Vincent College
53) Laurie Johnston, Assistant Professor of Theology and Religious Studies, Emmanuel College
54) Nancy M. Rourke, Associate Professor of Religious Studies and Theology, Canisius College
55) Sally Vance-Trembath, Lecturer, Santa Clara University
56) Karen Teel, Associate Professor of Theology and Religious Studies, University of San Diego
57) Una M. Cadegan, Associate Professor of History, University of Dayton
58) Ron Pagnucco, Associate Professor, Department of Peace Studies, College of St. Benedict/St. John’s University
59) Mary Ann Hinsdale, IHM, Associate Professor of Theology, Boston College
60) Mary E. Hines, Professor of Theology, Emmanuel College
61) Erin Lothes, Assistant Professor of Theology, College of Saint Elizabeth
62) Joe Torma, Professor of Theology, Walsh University
63) Bryan Froehle, Professor of Practical Theology, St. Thomas University, Miami
64) Matthew A. Shadle, Associate Professor of Theology and Religious Studies, Marymount University
65) Elisabeth Vasko, Assistant Professor of Theology, Duquesne University
66) Jana Bennett, Associate Professor of Religious Studies, University of Dayton
67) Dana L. Dillon, Assistant Professor of Theology, Providence College
68) William George, Professor of Theology and Chair, Theology and Pastoral Ministry, Dominican University
69) Jon Nilson, Professor Emeritus of Theology, Loyola University Chicago
70) Patrick Lynch, S.J., Professor of Religious Studies and Theology, Canisius College
71) Darlene Fozard Weaver, Associate Professor of Theology, Director of the Center for the Catholic Intellectual Tradition, Duquesne University
72) Matthew Ashley. Associate Professor and Department Chair, Department of Theology, University of Notre Dame
73) Tracy Tiemeier, Associate Professor of Theological Studies, Loyola Marymount University
74) David O’Brien, Emeritus Professor, College of Holy Cross and University of Dayton
75) Kate Ward, Flatley Fellow in Theological Ethics, Boston College
76) Eugene McCarraher, Associate Professor of Humanities, Villanova University
77) James P. Bailey, Associate Professor of Theology, Duquesne University
78) Debra Dean Murphy, Assistant Professor of Religious Studies, West Virginia Wesleyan College
79) Amy Levad, Assistant Professor of Theology, University of St. Thomas, St. Paul, MN
80) Jennifer Beste, College of Saint Benedict Koch Chair in Catholic Thought and Culture, Associate Professor of Theology, College of Saint Benedict and Saint John’s University
81) Colleen Mary Carpenter, Sister Mona Riley Endowed Chair of the Humanities, Associate Professor of Theology, St. Catherine University
82) Todd A. Salzman, Professor of Theology, Creighton University
83) Jim Caccamo, Associate Professor of Theology, Saint Joseph’s University, PA
84) Kenneth Himes, OFM, Associate Professor of Theology, Boston College
85) Dawn M. Nothwehr, OSF, The Erica and Harry John Family Endowed Chair in Catholic Ethics, Catholic Theological Union, Chicago
86) Thomas M. Kelly, Professor of Systematic Theology, Creighton University
87) Elizabeth W. Collier, Associate Professor of Business Ethics, Co-Director of Center for Global Peace through Commerce, Brennan School of Business, Dominican University
88) Catherine Punsalan-Manlimos, Associate Professor, Seattle University
89) Julia Brumbaugh, Associate Professor of Religious Studies, Regis University
90) David Burrell, Hesburgh Professor Emeritus, University of Notre Dame
91) Gerardo Rodríguez, Assistant Professor of Theology, Carroll College
92) Sandra M. Schneiders, IHM, Professor Emerita of New Testament Studies and Spirituality, Jesuit School of Theology of Santa Clara University
93) Michael E. Lee, Associate Professor Theology, and Latin American & Latino Studies, Fordham University
94) Brian Stiltner, Chair of Philosophy, Theology, and Religious Studies, Sacred Heart University
95) Susie Paulik Babka, Associate Professor of Theology and Religious Studies, University of San Diego
96) Elizabeth Groppe, Associate Professor of Theology, Xavier University
97) David Cloutier, Associate Professor of Theology, Mount Saint Mary’s University
98) Martin J O’Malley, Research Scholar at the Center for Applied Ethics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena
99) Christopher McMahon, Associate Professor of Theology, Saint Vincent College
100) Jeannine Hill Fletcher, Professor of Theology, Fordham University
101) Christopher Steck, SJ, Associate Professor and Chair of the Department of Theology, Georgetown University
102) Elena Procario-Foley, Associate Professor of Religious Studies, Iona College
103) Gerald W. Schlabach, Professor of Theology, University of St. Thomas, MN
104) William Werpehowski, Robert L. McDevitt, K.S.G., K.C.H.S. and Catherine H. McDevitt L.C.H.S. Chair in Catholic Theology, Georgetown University
105) Timothy P. Muldoon, Division of University Mission and Ministry, Boston College
106) Stephen Wilson, Associate Professor of Theology, Spring Hill College
107) Kelly S. Johnson, Associate Professor of Religious Studies, University of Dayton
108) Andrew Staron, Assistant Professor of Theology and Religious Studies, Wheeling Jesuit University
109) Michele Saracino, Professor and Chair of the Religious Studies Department, Manhattan College
110) Claire Noonan, Vice President for Mission and Ministry, Dominican University
111) Stephen Okey, Assistant Professor of Philosophy, Theology, and Religion, Saint Leo University
112) Anna Bonta Moreland, Associate Professor of Theology, Villanova University
113) Sallie Latkovich, CSJ, Director of Bible Study and Travel Programs, Director of Summer Institute, Catholic Theological Union, Chicago
114) Andrew Prevot, Assistant Professor of Theology, Boston College
115) Kimberly Flint-Hamilton, Professor and Chair of Sociology and Anthropology, Stetson University
116) Margaret A. Farley, Gilbert L. Stark Professor Emerita of Christian Ethics, Yale University Divinity School
117) Boyd Taylor Coolman, Associate Professor of Theology, Boston College
118) Edward Foley, Capuchin, Duns Scotus Professor of Spirituality, Catholic Theological Union, Chicago
119) Elizabeth Sweeny Block, Assistant Professor of Theological Ethics, Saint Louis University
120) John T. Pawlikowski, OSM, Professor of Social Ethics, Catholic Theological Union, Chicago
121) Robert Masson, Associate Professor and Chair of the Department of Theology, Marquette University
122) Deirdre Dempsey, Associate Professor, the Department of Theology, Marquette University
123) Jeanne-Nicole Mellon Saint-Laurent, Assistant Professor, Marquette University
124) Melody Layton McMahon, Director of the Library, Associate Professor, Co-Editor of New Theology Review, Catholic Theological Union, Chicago
125) Rita George-Tvrtković, Assistant Professor of Theology, Benedictine University
126) William McDonough, Associate Professor of Theology, St. Catherine University
127) David G. Schultenover, S.J., Henri de Lubac Professor of Historical Theology, Department of Theology, Marquette University
128) Min-Ah Cho, Assistant Professor of Theology, St. Catherine University
129) Mary Jo Iozzio, Professor of Moral Theology, Boston College
130) Michael G. Lawler, Amelia and Emil Graff Professor Emeritus of Catholic Theology, Creighton University
131) Juliet Mousseau, RSCJ, Assistant Professor of Church History, Aquinas Institute of Theology, St. Louis
132) Sandra Sullivan-Dunbar, Assistant Professor of Christian Ethics, Loyola University Chicago
133) Kathleen Dorsey Bellow, D.Min., Convener, Black Catholic Theological Symposium
134) Gerald J. Beyer, Associate Professor of Theology, Villanova University
135) Marian K. Diaz, Assistant Professor, Institute of Pastoral Studies, Loyola University Chicago
136) Patrick McCormick, Professor of Religious Studies, Gonzaga University
137) Susan Abraham, Assistant Professor of Theological Studies, Loyola Marymount University
138) Thomas P. Rausch, S.J., T. Marie Chilton Professor of Catholic Theology, Loyola Marymount University
139) Jame Schaefer, Associate Professor of Theology, Marquette University
140) Joseph Flipper, Assistant Professor of Theology, Bellarmine University
141) Daniel C. Maguire, Professor of Theology, Marquette University
142) Maurice J. Nutt, C.Ss.R., Director of the Institute for Black Catholic Studies, Xavier University of Louisiana
143) Margaret Pfeil, Joint Appointment, Department of Theology and the Center for Social Concerns, University of Notre Dame
144) Jennifer Reed-Bouley, Professor of Theology and Theology Program Director, College of Saint Mary, Omaha
145) Lissa J. Yogan, Associate Professor of Sociology and Criminolgy, Valparaiso University
146) Christopher P. Vogt, Associate Professor of Theology & Religious Studies, St. John’s University, New York
147) Mark Potter, Provincial Assistant for Social Ministries, California and Oregon Provinces of the Society of Jesus
148) Victor Carmona, Instructor of Moral Theology, Oblate School of Theology
149) Corinna Guerrero, Adjunct Professor of Biblical Studies, American Baptist Seminary of the West; Lecturer, Santa Clara University
150) John J. Slovikovski, Theology Faculty, Saint Francis University, Pennsylvania
151) Miguel H. Diaz, Ambassador to the Holy See, Ret., The John Courtney Murray University Chair in Public Service, Loyola University Chicago
152) Andrea Smith Shappell, Associate Professional Specialist, Center for Social Concerns, University of Notre Dame
153) George R. Boudreau, Assistant Professor of Biblical Studies, Aquinas Institute of Theology, St. Louis
154) Kathy Heskin, Professor Emerita, Dominican University
155) Bruce T. Morrill, S.J., Malloy Professor of Catholic Studies, Vanderbilt University
156) Hille Haker, Richard McCormick Endowed Chair of Catholic Moral Theology, Loyola University Chicago
157) Stacy Davis, Associate Professor of Religious Studies and Chair, Gender and Women’s Studies, Saint Mary’s College, Notre Dame, IN
158) Michael P. Horan, Professor of Theological Studies, Loyola Marymount University
159) Melissa Pagan, Instructor of Theology, Loyola Marymount University
160) Gregory D. Walgenbach, Director of Life, Justice, and Peace, Diocese of Orange in California
161) Jay M. Hammond, Associate Professor of Theological Studies, Saint Louis University
162) Seung Ai Yang, Associate Professor of New Testament, Chicago Theological Seminary
163) Edward C. Sellner, Professor of Theology, Saint Catherine University
164) Daniel Dion, Instructor of Religious Studies, Rivier University
165) Gregory K. Hillis, Associate Professor of Theology, Bellarmine University
166) Edward P. Hahnenberg, Breen Chair in Catholic Theology, John Carroll University
167) Michael J. Schuck, Co-Director, International Jesuit Ecology Project, Associate Professor of Theology, Loyola University Chicago
168) Timothy Brunk, Associate Professor of Theology, Villanova University
169) Hoon Choi, Assistant Professor of World Christianity, Bellarmine University
170) Honora Werner, OP, Associate Professor and Director of the D.Min. in Preaching Program, Aquinas Institute of Theology
171) Laurie Brink, OP, Associate Professor New Testament Studies, Catholic Theological Union, Chicago
172) Philip J. Rossi, S.J., Professor of Theology, Marquette University
173) Vincent Skemp, Associate Professor and Chair of the Theology Department, St. Catherine University
174) Fr. Roy Lee, Theology Department, St. Leo University
175) Thomas M. Bolin, Professor of Theology and Religious Studies, St. Norbert College
176) Shawnee M. Daniels-Sykes, SSND, Associate Professor of Theology and Ethics, Mount Mary University
177) John K. Leonard, Professor and Chair of Religious Studies, Edgewood College
178) Roger Bergman, Director and Associate Professor, Justice and Peace Studies Program, Creighton University
179) Mara Brecht, Assistant Professor of Theology and Religious Studies, St. Norbert College
180) Peter R. Gathje, Professor of Christian Ethics and Associate Dean, Memphis Theological Seminary
181) John W. Martens, Associate Professor, University of St. Thomas, Director of the M.A. in Theology Program, St. Paul Seminary, School of Divinity
182) Mary J. Vitolo, St. Steven’s Catholic Community, Sun Lakes, Arizona
183) Nathan Eubank, Professor of Scripture, Notre Dame Seminary
184) April Gutierrez, Campus Minister, Loyola University Chicago
185) Matthew T. Eggemeier, Assistant Professor of Religious Studies, College of the Holy Cross
186) Julia A. Fleming, Professor of Moral Theology, Creighton University
187) Barbara Hilkert Andolsen, Buckman Chair in Christian Ethics, Fordham University
188) Daniel P. Scheid, Assistant Professor of Theology, Duquesne University
189) Tisha Rajendra, Assistant Professor of Theology, Loyola University Chicago
190) David M. Lantigua, Assistant Professor of Moral Theology and Ethics, The Catholic University of America
191) Gertrud Mueller Nelson, Writer on Theology, Artist, San Diego, California
192) Raymond Ward, Assistant Professor of Theological Ethics, Barry University
193) Timone Davis, Adjunct Faculty, Institute of Pastoral Studies, Loyola University Chicago
194) Catherine T. Nerney, SSJ, Associate Professor of Religious Studies and Director of the Institute for Forgiveness and Reconciliation, Chestnut Hill College
195) Anna Kasafi Perkins, Senior Programme Officer, Fellow of the Ethics Centre Initiative, The University of the West Indies, Jamaica
196) Bridget Burke Ravizza, Associate Professor of Theology and Religious Studies, St. Norbert College
197) Stephen D. Miles, Associate Professor and Chair of the Department of Theology, Immaculata University
198) Paul Green, Associate Professor of Ethnic Studies, University of California, Riverside
199) Margaret Susan Thompson, Professor of History and Religion, Syracuse University
200) Mary Margaret Pazdan, OP, Professor Emerita of Biblical Studies, Aquinas Institute of Theology, St. Louis
201) David Wheeler-Reed, Visiting Fellow, Yale University
202) Gerard A. Pottebaum, Executive Director, Human Foundations Institute, Inc., Loveland, Ohio
203) Rev. Mark R. Francis, C.S.V., President, Catholic Theological Union, Chicago
204) Ryan Marr, Instructor of Religion, Mercy College of Health Sciences, Des Moines, Iowa
205) Joseph M. Incandela, Aquinas Chair in Catholic Theology, Saint Mary’s College, Notre Dame, Indiana
206) Lois Harr, Campus Minister and Adjunct Instructor of Religious Studies, Manhattan College
207) Luis Calero, S.J., Associate Professor of Anthropology, Santa Clara University
208) Fr. Leo Almazán, O.P., Montesinos Fellow, Professor of Moral Theology, Aquinas Institute of Theology, St. Louis
209) Stefanie Knauss, Assistant Professor of Theology, Villanova University
210) Fernand J. Cheri, III, OFM, Director of Campus Ministry, Quincy University
211) Michael L. Budde, Professor and Chair, Department of Catholic Studies, DePaul University
212) Paul E. Dinter, Visiting Professor, Religious Studies, Manhattan College
213) Vincent M. Smiles, Professor of Theology, College of St. Benedict & St. John’s University
214) Connie LaMotta, New Evangelization Ministry, Church of the Presentation, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey
215) Mary E. McGann, RSCJ. Adj. Associate Professor of Liturgical Studies, Jesuit School of Theology / Graduate Theological Union, Berkeley
216) Aline Paris, RSM, Professor of Theology, College of St. Mary, Omaha, Nebraska
217) Bernard Brady, Professor of Moral Theology, University of St. Thomas
218) Teresa Berger, Professor of Liturgical Studies & Thomas E. Golden Jr. Professor of Catholic Theology, Yale University
219) Virgina Ryan, Visiting Instructor of Religious Studies, College of the Holy Cross
220) Chris Franke, Professor Emerita of Theology, St. Catherine University
221) Corey Harris, Assistant Professor of Theology, Alvernia University
222) Donald Rappé, Associate Professor of Theology, Mount Mary University
223) Jack Downey, Assistant Professor of Religion, La Salle University
224) Eva Marie Lumas, SSS, Cultural Mentor, St. Mary’s Center, Oakland, California
225) Sister Jamie T. Phelps, OP, Adjunct Professor of Theology, Institute for Black Catholic Studies, Xavier University of Louisiana
226) Craig A. Ford, Jr., Flatley Fellow in Theological Ethics and Chair of the Graduate Students of Color Association, Boston College
227) Michael Pahls, Adjunct Instructor, Memphis Theological Seminary, Rector, Trinity in the Fields Anglican Church
228) Robert Berger, FSC, Associate Professor of Religious Studies, Manhattan College
229) Suzanne C. Toton, Ed.D., Associate Professor of Christian Ethics, Villanova University
230) Maureen O’Connell, Associate Professor and Chair of the Department of Religion, La Salle University
231) Joan Braune, Assistant Professor of Philosophy, Mount Mary University
232) Cynthia R. Nielsen, Department of Philosophy, University of Dallas
233) Kevin L. Hughes, Associate Professor of Theology and Religious Studies, Chair of the Department of Humanities, Villanova University
234) Richard G. Malloy, S.J., University Chaplain, The University of Scranton
235) Edward Vacek, S.J., Stephen Duffy Chair of Catholic Studies, Loyola University New Orleans
236) Paulinus I. Odozor, C.S.Sp., Associate Professor of Moral Theology, the Theology of World Church and Africana Studies, University of Notre Dame
237) Steven M. Avella, Professor of History, Marquette University
238) Katie Oxx, Assistant Professor of Religious Studies, Saint Joseph’s University
239) Nicholas Mayrand, PhD student, Department of Religious Studies, University of Dayton
240) Michael J. Iafrate, PhD candidate, University of St. Michael’s College, University of Toronto
241) John P. Slattery, PhD student, Systematic Theology, University of Notre Dame
242) Christine E. McCarthy, PhD candidate, Theology, Fordham University
243) Ahida E. Calderon Pilarski, Associate Professor of Old Testament, Saint Anselm College
244) J. Milburn Thompson, Professor Emeritus of Theology, Bellarmine University
245) Maureen Wood, Adjunct Professor of Theology, Walsh University
246) C. Vanessa White, Assistant Professor of Spirituality and Ministry, Catholic Theological Union
247) Marc H. Lavallee, Assistant Professor of Practical Theology, Barry University
248) John Thiede, S.J., Assistant Professor of Theology, Marquette University
249) Jeremy V. Cruz, Instructor of Theological Ethics, St. John’s University
250) Paul J. Wadell, Professor of Theology & Religious Studies, St. Norbert College
251) Donna Toliver Grimes, Assistant Director, African American Affairs, USCCB Secretariat of Cultural Diversity in the Church, Washington, DC
252) Joan Penzenstadler, SSND, Vice President for Mission and Identity, Mount Mary University
253) Robert Nichols, Theology Department and Campus Minister, Saint Xavier High School
254) Thomas Schubeck, Professor Emeritus, John Carroll University
255) Lynn Cooper, Catholic Chaplain, Tufts University
256) Becky Chabot, PhD candidate, University of Denver/Iliff School of Theology
257) Susan Mohall, Pastoral Associate, Saint Richard Parish, Toledo, Ohio
258) John D. Laurance, S.J., Associate Professor of Theology, Marquette University
259) John E. Keegan, M.M. Professor Emeritus, Maryknoll School of Theology
260) Scott Wright, Director, Columban Center for Advocacy and Outreach, Washington, DC
261) Jeffrey Carlson, Professor of Theology, Associate Provost for Undergraduate Education and Dean, Rosary College of Arts and Sciences, Dominican University
262) Neomi DeAnda, Assistant Professor of Religious Studies, University of Dayton
263) Kelle Lynch-Baldwin, PhD, Diocese of Fairbanks
264) John D. Savard, S.J., Rector, Jesuit Community, College of the Holy Cross
265) Kim Lamberty, DMin, Senior Advisor, US Operations, Catholic Relief Services
266) Dr. Ansel Augustine, Director of the Office of Black Catholic Ministries, Archdiocese of New Orleans, Institute for Black Catholic Studies at Xavier University of Louisiana
267) Walter L. Bonam, Associate Director for Evangelization and the Catechumenate, Office of Religious Education, Archdiocese of New Orleans
268) Susan Windley-Daoust, Associate Professor of Theology, Saint Mary’s University of Minnesota
269) Sean Martin, PhD student, Department of Religious Studies, University of Dayton
270) William A. Clark, S.J., Associate Professor of Religious Studies, College of the Holy Cross
271) Jacob W. Torbeck, PhD student, Theology, Loyola University Chicago
272) Fr. James Bacik, Visiting Professor, Catholic Theological Union, Chicago
273) Ernest J. Miller, FSC, Member, Black Catholic Theological Symposium, D.Min. student, Catholic Theological Union
274) Andrea J. Stapleton, PhD, Director of Mission Integration and Mercy Heritage, Saint Xavier University
275) Katelyn Steinke, Pastoral Assistant for Faith Formation, Our Lady of Lourdes Catholic Church, Vancouver, Washington
276) Reid B. Locklin, Associate Professor of Religion, St. Michael’s College, University of Toronto
277) Cecilia Moore, Associate Professor of Religious Studies, University of Dayton
278) Cara Anthony, Associate Professor of Theology, University of St. Thomas
279) Randolph F. Lumpp, Professor of Religious Studies, Regis University
280) Christine Luna Munger, Coordinator, Spiritual Direction Certificate, Professional Professor of Theology, St. Catherine University
281) Carol Dufresne, Director of Human Concerns, Conception Catholic Church, Hampton, Virginia
282) Teresa Delgado, Director of Peace and Justice Studies, Associate Professor of Religious Studies, Iona College
283) Thomas O’Brien, Associate Professor of Religious Studies, DePaul University
284) Mary Kate Birge, SSJ, Associate Professor of Theology, Mount St. Mary’s University
285) Karen Scott, Associate Professor of Catholic Studies and History, DePaul University
286) Mary M. McGlone, PhD, Sisters of St. Joseph of Carondelet
287) Deacon Donald Weigel, Adjunct Instructor, Continuing Education, Christ the King Seminary East Aurora, New York
288) Daniel Cosacchi, PhD candidate, Christian Ethics, Loyola University Chicago
289) Kathleen Murphy Castillo, Director of Field Education, Christ the King Seminary, East Aurora, New York
290) Marvin L. Mich, STD, Director of Advocacy and Parish Social Ministry, Catholic Family Center, Rochester, New York
291) Scott C. Alexander, Associate Professor of Islamic Studies, Director, Catholic-Muslim Studies, Catholic Theological Union
292) Christina R. Zaker, D.Min., Director of Field Education, Catholic Theological Union
293) Joseph C. Mudd, Assistant Professor of Religious Studies, Gonzaga University
294) Maria Cimperman, RSCJ, Associate Professor of Theological Ethics, Catholic Theological Union
295) Ella Johnson, PhD, Assistant Professor of Systematic Theology, St. Bernard’s School of Theology and Ministry
296) Katie Grimes, Assistant Professor of Theology, Villanova University
297) Michael P. Jaycox, Assistant Professor of Christian Ethics, Seattle University
298) Thomas Massaro, S.J., Dean and Professor of Moral Theology, Jesuit School of Theology of Santa Clara University
299) Alison M. Benders, Associate Dean, Jesuit School of Theology, Berkeley
300) William O’Neill, S.J., Associate Professor of Social Ethics, Jesuit School of Theology of Santa Clara University
301) Claudine Pannell-Goodlett, PhD candidate, Fielding Graduate University, Independent Consultant
302) Brian Robinette, Associate Professor of Theology, Boston College
303) June-Ann Greeley, Associate Professor of Theology and Religious Studies, Sacred Heart University
304) Augie Pacetti, Director of Campus Ministry, Saint Ignatius High School, Cleveland, Ohio
305) Joseph Cheah, OSM, Associate Professor of Comparative Theology, University of Saint Joseph
306) Robert Schreiter, Professor of Theology, Catholic Theological Union
307) Anthony Fior, Campus Minister and Theology Educator Saint Ignatius High School, Cleveland, Ohio
308) Robert M. Doran, S.J., Emmett Doerr Chair in Catholic Systematic Theology, Marquette University
309) Mari Rapela Heidt, PhD, Independent Scholar
310) Steven Rodenborn, Associate Professor and Chair of Religious and Theological Studies, St. Edward’s University
311) Mary Motte, fmm, Director Mission Resource Center Franciscan Missionaries of Mary, Past President of the American Society of Missiology
312) Joel Schmidt, Assistant Professor of Religious and Theological Studies, Salve Regina University
313) Jennifer Hockenbery Dragseth, Professor of Philosophy, Mount Mary University
314) Natalia Imperatori-Lee, Associate Professor of Religious Studies, Manhattan College
315) Jacquelyn Porter, Professor of Theology, Marymount University of Virginia
316) Michael W. Hovey, Adjunct Instructor of Religious Studies, University of Detroit Mercy and Marygrove College
317) Millicent C. Feske, Associate Professor of Systematic Theology, Saint Joseph’s University
318) Aaron D. Conley, Visiting Assistant Professor of Religious Studies, Regis University
319) Dominic Colonna, Professor of Theology, Lewis University
320) Maureen R. O’Brien, Associate Professor and Chair of Theology, Duquesne University
321) James J. Buckley, Department of Theology, Loyola University Maryland
322) Daniel Castillo, Assistant Professor, Loyola University Maryland
323) Colleen Mary Mallon, O.P., Associate Professor of Systematic Theology, Co-Director of the Ashley-O’Rourke Center for Health Ministry Leadership, Aquinas Institute of Theology, St. Louis
324) Claire Mathews McGinnis, Professor of Theology, Loyola University Maryland
325) Christopher Fuller, Dean of Mission Integration & Effectiveness, Director, Hunthausen Center for Peace and Justice, Carroll College
326) Carla Mae Streeter, OP, Emerita, Aquinas Institute of Theology, St. Louis
327) Angela Russell Christman, Professor of Theology, Director of the Honors Program, Loyola University Maryland
328) Jorge A. Aquino, Associate Professor of Theology and Religious Studies, University of San Francisco
329) George P. Alcser, Associate Professor of Philosophy & Religious Studies, Marygrove College
330) Kathleen McManus, OP, Associate Professor of Theology, University of Portland
331) Candace McLean, Visiting Assistant Professor of Systematic Theology, University of Portland
332) Lois Ann Lorentzen, Professor of Theology and Religious Studies, University of San Francisco
333) Kate Mroz, PhD student, Systematic Theology, Boston College
334) Anna Mae Mayer, Director Mercy Center for Spiritual Life, Salve Regina University
335) Randall S. Rosenberg, Assistant Professor of Systematic Theology, Saint Louis University
336) Jan Jans, Associate Professor of Ethics, Tilburg School of Humanities
337) Jean deBlois, CSJ, Professor of Moral Theology, Aquinas Institute of Theology, St. Louis
338) Michael Duffy, Director, Lane Center for Catholic Studies and Social Thought, University of San Francisco
339) Timothy Martin, PhD, Director of Ignatian Service Learning, Loyola Academy, Wilmette, Illinois
340) Michael J. Lueken, PhD, Theology Teacher, Xavier College Preparatory, Phoenix, Arizona
341) Mark Miller, Associate Professor of Systematic Theology, University of San Francisco
342) Nathaniel Samuel, Assistant Professor of Theological and Ministerial Studies, School of Theology and Ministry, St. Thomas University, Miami Gardens
343) George E. Griener, S.J., Associate Professor of Historical and Systematic Theology, Jesuit School of Theology at Berkeley/Santa Clara University
344) Lilian Dube, Associate Professor and Chair, Theology and Religious Studies Department, University of San Francisco
345) Rev. Fr. Giles Conwill, Ph.D., Retired Professor, Morehouse College, Former Chaplain, Xavier University of Louisiana
346) Daniel Kendall, S.J., Professor of Theology and Religious Studies, University of San Francisco
347) Sheila Marie Tobbe, osu, DMin, Ursuline Sisters of Cleveland
348) William H. Johnston, Associate Professor, Department of Religious Studies, University of Dayton
349) Joseph A. Brown, S.J., Professor, Department of Africana Studies, Southern Illinois University Carbondale
350) Christopher Promis, C.S.Sp., Former Spiritan Provincial and present Formation Director at Catholic Theological Union
351) Kevin Burke, S.J., Associate Professor of Systematic and Fundamental Theology, Jesuit School of Theology of Santa Clara University
352) Gina Wolfe, Associate Professor of Catholic Theological Ethics, Catholic Theological Union Chicago
353) Frederick C. Bauerschmidt, Professor of Theology, Loyola University Maryland
354) LaReine-Marie Mosely, Assistant Professor of Religious Studies, Notre Dame of Maryland University
355) Charles E. Curran, Elizabeth Scurlock University Professor of Human Values, Southern Methodist University
356) Lincoln Rice, Adjunct Instructor of Theology, Marquette University
357) Sr. Teresa Rooney, CHF, Office of Racial Harmony, Archdiocese of New Orleans
358) Darleen Pryds, Associate Professor of Spirituality and History, Franciscan School of Theology
359) Marta McDonnell, RSM Assistant Professor of Religious and Theological Studies, Salve Regina University
360) Trish Sullivan Vanni, M.Div, PhD, Theological Consultant, Eden Prairie, Minnesota
361) Susan Rakoczy, IHM, Professor, St. Joseph’s Theological Institute, Cedara, South Africa
362) William Mulcahey, Adjunct Instructor of Religious Studies, Mount Mercy University
363) Johann M. Vento, Professor of Religious Studies and Theology, Georgian Court University
364) Donal Godfrey, S.J., Adjunct Instructor, Theology, University of San Francisco
365) Clare Ronzani, Adj. Lecturer in Christian Spirituality, Jesuit School of Theology of Santa Clara University
366) Megan Wilson-Reitz, Lecturer of Theology and Religious Studies, John Carroll University
367) Eleanor Doidge, Associate Professor (Retired), Catholic Theological Union
368) Elizabeth Antus, PhD candidate in Systematic Theology, University of Notre Dame
369) Anita Houck, Associate Professor of Religious Studies, Saint Mary’s College
370) Marianne Farina, CSC Associate Professor of Theology and Philosophy, Dominican School of Philosophy and Theology, Berkeley
371) James Ball, Associate Professor of Theology, Saint Mary’s University, Texas
372) Monserrat Washburn, Adjunct Assistant Professor of Theology, St. John’s University
373) Margaret E. Guider, OSF, Associate Professor of Missiology, Boston College School of Theology & Ministry
374) Sara Brabec, Theology Teacher, Loyola Academy, Wilmette, Illinois
375) Michael Finucane, Theology Teacher, Loyola Academy, Wilmette, Illinois
376) Dorie Goehring, M.Div. student, Harvard Divinity School
377) John Triscik, Director of Youth Ministry, St. Joan of Arc Catholic Church, Hershey, Pennsylvania
378) Mary Anne Foley, C.N.D., Associate Professor of Theology and Religious Studies, University of Scranton
379) Janet Crane, SSND, Chaplain, Mercy Hospital, St Louis, Missouri
380) Paul Lakeland, Aloysius P. Kelley S.J. Professor of Catholic Studies, Fairfield University
381) Janice A. Thompson, Associate Professor of Theology, King’s College, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania
382) Matthew Philipp Whelan, PhD Candidate, Duke University
383) M. Therese Lysaught, Professor and Associate Director, Institute of Pastoral Studies, Neiswanger Institute for Bioethics, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago
384) David A. Clairmont, Tisch Family Associate Professor of Theology, University of Notre Dame
385) Mark Massa, S.J., Dean, School of Theology and Ministry, Boston College
386) Amanda C. Osheim, Assistant Professor of Practical Theology, Loras College
387) Fr. Nicanor Pier Giorgio Austriaco, O.P., Associate Professor of Biology and Instructor of Theology, Providence College
388) Daniel J. Daly, Associate Professor and Chair, Saint Anselm College
389) Diana L. Hayes, Professor Emerita of Theology, Georgetown University
390) Peter Beisheim, Director of Catholic Studies, Stonehill College
391) Annie Selak, PhD student, Systematic Theology, Boston College
392) Brian D. Berry, Professor of Religious Studies, Notre Dame of Maryland University
393) William A. Barbieri Jr., Associate Professor of Theology and Religious Studies and Director of Peace and Justice Studies, Catholic University of America
394) Francine Cardman, Associate Professor of Historical Theology, Boston College School of Theology and Ministry
